KSEEB Class 10 English (3rd Language) 2.The Tiger and the Deer

"Class 10 KSEEB English Poem: The Tiger and the Deer by Sri Aurobindo. Explore the poem's meaning, summary, and analysis for Karnataka State Syllabus s"

  Class - 10 

Subject - ENGLISH (3rd Language)

Syllabus  - Karnataka State Syllabus

Poem - 2

The Tiger and the Deer

🐅🦌 The Tiger and the Deer: Unveiling Nature's Drama for Class 10 KSEEB Students! 🌱📖

(A Simple Guide in English and Marathi)

          Get ready to explore a captivating poem from your Karnataka State Syllabus English textbook: "The Tiger and the Deer" by the renowned Sri Aurobindo. This poem paints a vivid picture of the wild, showcasing the raw power of nature and its delicate beauty. We'll break it down in simple terms, both in English and Marathi, making it super easy for you to understand and enjoy! 😊 चलो तर मग सुरु करूया! (Let's begin!)

✍️ Meet the Visionary Poet: Sri Aurobindo 🇮🇳✨

Sri Aurobindo (1872-1950) was an extraordinary figure – an Indian nationalist, a profound poet, a deep philosopher, and a respected spiritual guru. Born in Kolkata, he spent his formative years in England, excelling in literature and classical studies. Later, he established his famous Ashram in Pondicherry, guiding many disciples on their spiritual journey. His powerful writings, including "The Life Divine" and "Savitri," reflect his hope for a bright future for humanity. His poetic vision continues to inspire us!

📜 The Poem: The Tiger and the Deer

Brilliant, crouching, slouching, what crept

through the green heart of the forest,

Gleaming eyes and mighty chest and soft soundless

paws of grandeur and murder? 4

The wind slipped through the leaves as if afraid

lest its voice and the noise of its steps perturb

the pitiless Splendour,

Hardly daring to breathe. 8

But the great beast crouched and crept, and crept

And crouched a last time, noiseless, fatal,

Till suddenly death leaped on the beautiful wild deer as

it drank   12

Unsuspecting from the great pool

in the forest’s coolness and shadow,

And it fell and, torn, died remembering its mate

left sole in the deep woodland, 16

Destroyed, the mild harmless beauty by the strong

Cruel beauty in Nature.

But a day may yet come when the tiger crouches and

leaps no more in the dangerous heart of the forest, 20

As the mammoth shakes no more the plains of Asia;

Still then shall the beautiful wild deer drink from

The coolness of great pools in the leaves' shadow.

The mighty perish in their might;

The slain survive the slayer. 25

-     Sri Aurobindo.

📝 कवितेचा अर्थ (Meaning of the Poem) 🇮🇳📖

ही कविता आपल्याला जंगलातील एक महत्त्वाचा आणि नैसर्गिक नियम सांगते – शिकारी आणि शिकार (hunter and prey). कवी श्री अरविंदो यांनी वाघ आणि हरीण यांच्या माध्यमातून निसर्गातील शक्ती आणि सौंदर्य यांचा विरोधाभास दाखवला आहे.

कवितेच्या सुरुवातीला, कवी एका तेजस्वी (brilliant), दबा धरून बसलेल्या (crouching), आणि हळू हळू चालणाऱ्या (slouching) प्राण्याचे वर्णन करतात. हा प्राणी हिरव्यागार आणि घनदाट जंगलाच्या मध्यातून चालत आहे. त्याचे डोळे चमकत (gleaming) आहेत, त्याची छाती मोठी आणि शक्तिशाली (mighty chest) आहे आणि त्याचे पाय मऊ आणि आवाज न करणारे (soft soundless paws) आहेत. त्याच्या चालण्यात भव्यता (grandeur) आणि घातकपणा (murder) दोन्ही जाणवतात.

जंगलातील वारा (wind) देखील जणू काही या शक्तिशाली प्राण्याला घाबरला (afraid) आहे. तो पानांमधून हळूवारपणे सरकतो (slipped through the leaves), त्याला भीती वाटते की त्याच्या आवाजाने (voice) आणि पावलांच्या आवाजाने (noise of its steps) त्या निर्दयी आणि तेजस्वी (pitiless Splendour) वाघाच्या शांततेला भंग होईल. तो जणू श्वास घ्यायलाही धजत नाही (hardly daring to breathe).

पण तो महान प्राणी (great beast) पुन्हा दबा धरतो आणि हळू हळू चालतो (crouched and crept), आणि शेवटच्या वेळी शांतपणे आणि जीवघेणा हल्ला (noiseless, fatal) करण्यासाठी तयार होतो. अचानक, मृत्यू (death) त्या सुंदर आणि जंगली हरणावर झडप घालतो (leaped on the beautiful wild deer), जेव्हा ते निष्काळजीपणे (unsuspecting) जंगलातील थंड आणि सावली असलेल्या मोठ्या तलावातून पाणी पीत असते (drank from the great pool in the forest’s coolness and shadow).

हरिण पडते आणि फाटून मरते (fell and, torn, died). मरताना त्याला त्याच्या साथीदाराची आठवण येते (remembering its mate), जो त्या खोल जंगलात एकटाच (left sole in the deep woodland) राहिला आहे. अशा प्रकारे, निसर्गातील शक्तिशाली आणि क्रूर सौंदर्याने (strong cruel beauty in Nature) त्या सौम्य आणि निरुपद्रवी सौंदर्याचा (mild harmless beauty) नाश केला.

पण कवी म्हणतात की एक दिवस असा येऊ शकतो जेव्हा वाघ या धोकादायक जंगलाच्या मध्यभागी दबा धरणार नाही आणि शिकार करणार नाही (when the tiger crouches and leaps no more in the dangerous heart of the forest). ते याची तुलना भूतकाळात होऊन गेलेल्या प्रचंड मोठ्या हत्तींच्या (Mammoth) (as the mammoth shakes no more the plains of Asia) अस्तित्वाशी करतात, जे आता आशियाच्या मैदानावर दिसत नाहीत.

पण तरीही, त्या वेळी देखील सुंदर आणि जंगली हरिण पानांच्या सावलीत असलेल्या थंडगार तलावातून पाणी पीत राहील (still then shall the beautiful wild deer drink from the coolness of great pools in the leaves' shadow).

शेवटी कवी एक महत्त्वाचा संदेश देतात की जे शक्तिशाली आहेत ते त्यांच्या शक्तीमुळे नाश पावतात (the mighty perish in their might); तर ज्यांची हत्या झाली आहे (मृत) (the slain) ते आपल्या मारेकऱ्यांपेक्षा जास्त काळ टिकतात (survive the slayer). निसर्गाचा नियम असा आहे की बदल घडतात आणि जीवन पुढे सरळ चालत राहते.

📚 शब्दार्थ आणि उच्चार (Glossary / Difficult Words) 📝🇮🇳

📖 कवितेचा अर्थ (Stanza-wise Explanation) 📝🇮🇳

Stanza 1:

• Poem Text:

Brilliant, crouching, slouching, what crept

through the green heart of the forest,

Gleaming eyes and mighty chest and soft soundless

paws of grandeur and murder? 4

• English Meaning: The poem starts by asking about a bright creature that is bending down and moving slowly through the green center of the forest. It has shining eyes, a strong chest, and quiet, soft feet that show both its beauty and its ability to kill.
• Marathi Meaning: कविता एका तेजस्वी (brilliant) प्राण्याबद्दल प्रश्न विचारून सुरू होते, जो दबा धरून (crouching) आणि हळू हळू (slouching) हिरव्यागार जंगलाच्या मध्यातून चालत आहे. त्याचे डोळे चमकत (gleaming) आहेत, त्याची छाती शक्तिशाली (mighty) आहे आणि त्याचे मऊ व आवाज न करणारे पंजे (soft soundless paws) त्याचे सौंदर्य आणि मारण्याची क्षमता दर्शवतात.

Stanza 2:

• Poem Text:

The wind slipped through the leaves as if afraid

lest its voice and the noise of its steps perturb

the pitiless Splendour,

Hardly daring to breathe. 8

• English Meaning: The wind moved quietly through the leaves as if it was scared. It didn't want its sound or the sound of its movement to bother the cruel and magnificent creature (the tiger). It was almost too afraid to even breathe.
• Marathi Meaning: वारा (wind) पानांमधून असा हळूच सरकला (slipped) जणू तो घाबरला (afraid) होता. त्याला भीती होती की त्याच्या आवाजाने (voice) आणि त्याच्या हालचालींच्या आवाजाने (noise of its steps) त्या निर्दयी आणि तेजस्वी (pitiless Splendour) वाघाला त्रास होईल. तो जणू श्वास घ्यायलाही धजत नव्हता (hardly daring to breathe).

Stanza 3:

• Poem Text:

But the great beast crouched and crept, and crept

And crouched a last time, noiseless, fatal,

Till suddenly death leaped on the beautiful wild deer as

it drank   12

• English Meaning: But the big animal (the tiger) bent down and moved slowly, and moved slowly and bent down one last time. It was quiet and deadly. Then, suddenly, death (the tiger) jumped on the beautiful wild deer as it was drinking water.
• Marathi Meaning: पण तो मोठा प्राणी (great beast) दबा धरून हळू हळू चालला (crouched and crept), आणि पुन्हा एकदा दबा धरला (crouched), शेवटच्या वेळी, आवाज न करता आणि जीवघेणा (noiseless, fatal) हल्ला करण्यासाठी. आणि अचानक, मृत्यू (death) त्या सुंदर जंगली हरणावर झडप घातली (leaped on the beautiful wild deer) जेव्हा ते पाणी पीत होते (as it drank).

Stanza 4:

• Poem Text:

Unsuspecting from the great pool

in the forest’s coolness and shadow,

And it fell and, torn, died remembering its mate

left sole in the deep woodland, 16

• English Meaning: The deer didn't suspect any danger as it drank from the big pool in the cool and shady part of the forest. It fell down, was injured, and died while thinking about its partner who was left alone in the deep forest.
• Marathi Meaning: त्या मोठ्या तलावातून (great pool) पाणी पिताना हरणाला काही संशय नव्हता (unsuspecting), कारण ते जंगलच्या थंड आणि सावलीच्या (forest’s coolness and shadow) ठिकाणी होते. ते पडले आणि फाटून मेले (fell and, torn, died). मरताना त्याला त्याच्या साथीदाराची आठवण आली (remembering its mate), जो त्या खोल जंगलात एकटाच (left sole in the deep woodland) राहिला होता.

Stanza 5:

• Poem Text:

Destroyed, the mild harmless beauty by the strong

Cruel beauty in Nature.

But a day may yet come when the tiger crouches and

leaps no more in the dangerous heart of the forest, 20

• English Meaning: The gentle and harmless beauty (the deer) was destroyed by the strong and cruel beauty (the tiger) in nature. But maybe a time will come when the tiger will no longer bend down and jump to hunt in the dangerous center of the forest.
• Marathi Meaning: अशा प्रकारे, सौम्य आणि निरुपद्रवी सौंदर्य (mild harmless beauty) निसर्गातील शक्तिशाली आणि क्रूर सौंदर्याने (strong cruel beauty in Nature) नाश पावले (destroyed). पण कदाचित एक दिवस असा येईल जेव्हा वाघ या धोकादायक जंगलाच्या मध्यभागी दबा धरणार नाही आणि शिकार करणार नाही (when the tiger crouches and leaps no more in the dangerous heart of the forest).

Stanza 6:

• Poem Text:

As the mammoth shakes no more the plains of Asia;

Still then shall the beautiful wild deer drink from

The coolness of great pools in the leaves' shadow.

The mighty perish in their might;

The slain survive the slayer. 25

• English Meaning: Just like the huge elephant-like animal called the mammoth no longer walks on the plains of Asia, maybe the tiger's power will also end. But even then, the beautiful wild deer will still drink from the cool water of the big pools in the shade of the leaves.
• Those who are powerful will eventually die because of their power. But those who are killed (the victims) will outlast their killers in the long run.
• Marathi Meaning: जसा प्रचंड मोठा प्राणी मॅमथ (mammoth) आता आशियाच्या मैदानावर फिरत नाही (shakes no more the plains of Asia), त्याचप्रमाणे कदाचित वाघाची शक्ती देखील संपेल. पण तरीही, सुंदर जंगली हरिण पानांच्या सावलीत असलेल्या मोठ्या तलावांमधील थंड पाणी पीत राहील (still then shall the beautiful wild deer drink from the coolness of great pools in the leaves' shadow).
• जे शक्तिशाली आहेत ते त्यांच्या शक्तीमुळे नाश पावतात (the mighty perish in their might); तर ज्यांची हत्या झाली आहे (मृत) (the slain) ते आपल्या मारेकऱ्यांपेक्षा जास्त काळ टिकतात (survive the slayer).

🎯  Central Idea / Theme  🇮🇳

• English: The central idea of the poem is the contrast between power and beauty in nature, and the inevitability of change and the survival of the seemingly weak. It shows the raw struggle for existence in the wild, but also hints at a future where the balance of power might shift. The poem also touches upon the theme of transience of power and the enduring nature of beauty and life.
• Marathi: या कवितेचा मध्यवर्ती विचार निसर्गातील शक्ती आणि सौंदर्य यांचा विरोधाभास, आणि बदल अटळ आहे आणि दुर्बळ दिसणाऱ्यांचा टिकाव हा आहे. हे वन्यजीवनातील अस्तित्वासाठीचा कठोर संघर्ष दर्शवते, पण भविष्यात शक्तीचा समतोल बदलू शकतो याचाही संकेत देते. कविता शक्तीच्या क्षणभंगुरते आणि सौंदर्य आणि जीवनाच्या चिरस्थायी स्वरूपाच्या विषयालाही स्पर्श करते.

📝 Grammar Activities ✍️🇮🇳

1. Identify the Verbs and their Tenses: List all the verbs used in the poem and state their tense (present, past). For example: crept (past), gleaming (present participle), slipped (past), leaped (past), drink (present/future).
2. Find Examples of Adjectives: Identify the adjectives used to describe the tiger and the deer. For example: brilliant, mighty, soft, soundless, pitiless, great, beautiful, wild, mild, harmless, strong, cruel, dangerous, cool.
3. Point out Figures of Speech: Can you find examples of personification (giving human qualities to non-human things)? For instance, "The wind slipped through the leaves as if afraid." What other figures of speech can you identify? (Imagery is prominent throughout).
4. Sentence Transformation: Rewrite some of the descriptive sentences in a different sentence structure (e.g., change a simple sentence to a compound sentence).
5. Subject-Verb Agreement: Choose a few lines and ensure the subject and verb agree in number.
6. Word Formation: Look at words like "soundless" and "unsuspecting." Can you break them down into their root words and affixes (prefixes/suffixes)?
7. Identify Nouns and their Types: List the nouns in the poem and classify them as common nouns (forest, eyes, chest, paws, wind, leaves, voice, noise, steps, beast, death, pool, coolness, shadow, deer, mate, woodland, tiger, heart, plains, Asia), proper nouns (Sri Aurobindo), and abstract nouns (grandeur, murder, Splendour, beauty, might).